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    General Information
    Region    Oceania
    Population (000, 2020)   25 500a
    Pop. density (per km2, 2020)   3.3a
    Capital city    Canberra
    Capital city pop. (000, 2020)   452.5d,e
    UN membership date    01-Nov-45
    Surface area (km2)   7 692 060b,c
    Sex ratio (m per 100 f)   99.2a
    National currency    Australian Dollar (AUD)
    Exchange rate (per US$)   1.4e
    Economic indicators
    2010 2015 2020
    GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)1 299 4631 248 8541 453 871f
    GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)2.52.82f
    GDP per capita (current US$)58 654.152 182.358 392.7f
    Economy: Agricultureg (% of Gross Value Added)2.42.62.8f
    Economy: Industryg,h (% of Gross Value Added)28.32425f
    Economy: Services and other activityg,i,j (% of GVA)69.373.472.3f
    Employment in agriculture (% of employed)3.22.62.5k
    Employment in industry (% of employed)2119.419.8k
    Employment in services (% employed)75.87877.7k
    Unemploymentk (% of labour force)5.265.3
    Labour force participation ratek (female/male pop. %)58.8 / 72.559.2 / 71.260.2 / 70.6
    CPI: Consumer Price Indexm,n (2010=100)100l112120e
    Agricultural production index (2004-2006=100)95108104o
    International trade: exportsp (million current US$)212 109187 792266 377e
    International trade: importsp (million current US$)201 703200 114221 481e
    International trade: balancep (million current US$)10 405- 12 32244 896e
    Balance of payments, current account (million US$)- 44 714- 56 9597 122e
    Social indicators
    2010 2015 2020
    Population growth ratea,q (average annual %)1.91.51.3
    Urban populationa (% of total population)85.285.786.1e
    Urban population growth ratea,q (average annual %)1.91.6...
    Fertility rate, totala,q (live births per woman)21.91.8
    Life expectancy at birtha,q (females/males, years)83.8 / 79.284.4 / 80.385.2 / 81.2
    Population age distributiona (0-14/60+ years old, %)19.0 / 18.818.9 / 20.219.3 / 21.8
    International migrant stocka (000/% of total pop.)5 883.0 / 26.66 729.7 / 28.17 549.3 / 30.0e
    Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)25.6r58.4129.2s,e
    Infant mortality ratea,q (per 1 000 live births)4.43.63.1
    Health: Current expenditurek (% of GDP)8.49.39.2c
    Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)3.33.53.7c
    Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP)5.65.35.3o
    Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)105.5 / 105.7101.6 / 101.6100.3 / 100.3c
    Education: Secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)... / ...145.9 / 167.9141.2 / 159.0c
    Education: Tertiary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)... / ...141.0 / 97.6133.3 / 93.8c
    Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)110.9f
    Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)27.326.730.5t
    Environment and infrastructure indicators
    2010 2015 2020
    Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants)76k84.6u86.5u,v,c
    Research & Development expenditurek (% of GDP)2.41.91.9c
    Threatened species (number)853w909w1 308
    Forested area (% of land area)1616.216.2k,c
    CO2 emission estimatesw (million tons/tons per capita)383.6 / 17.4373.8 / 15.7384.6 / 15.6c
    Energy production, primaryw (Petajoules)13 64616 01416 963c
    Energy supply per capitaw (Gigajoules)246224219c
    Tourist/visitor arrivals at national bordersx (000)5 7907 4499 246f
    Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)46.85555.7e
    Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %)98.6 / ...98.8 / ...98.8 / ...c
    Net Official Development Assist. disbursedy (% of GNI)0.320.290.23c
Data provided by UNdata