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    General Information
    Region    South-eastern Asia
    Population (000, 2020)   438
    Pop. density (per km2, 2020)   83
    Capital city    Bandar Seri Begawan
    Capital city pop. (000, 2020)   40.8b
    UN membership date    21-Sep-84
    Surface area (km2)   5 765a
    Sex ratio (m per 100 f)   107.8
    National currency    Brunei Dollar (BND)
    Exchange rate (per US$)   1.3c
    Economic indicators
    2010 2015 2020
    GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)13 70712 93013 567b
    GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)2.6-0.40.1b
    GDP per capita (current US$)35 268.931 164.331 627.2b
    Economy: Agricultured (% of Gross Value Added)0.71.11b
    Economy: Industryd,e (% of Gross Value Added)67.460.262.2b
    Economy: Services and other activityd,f,g (% of GVA)31.938.736.7b
    Employment in agricultureh (% of employed)0.70.71.3
    Employment in industryh (% of employed)19.317.815.8
    Employment in servicesh (% employed)8081.582.8
    Unemploymenth (% of labour force)6.77.99
    Labour force participation rateh (female/male pop. %)57.0 / 75.358.0 / 73.157.6 / 70.7
    CPI: Consumer Price Index (2010=100)10010099c
    Agricultural production index (2004-2006=100)139170169i
    International trade: exports (million current US$)8 9086 3537 039c
    International trade: imports (million current US$)2 5393 2295 103c
    International trade: balance (million current US$)6 3693 1241 936c
    Balance of payments, current account (million US$)5 0162 157894c
    Social indicators
    2010 2015 2020
    Population growth ratej (average annual %)1.21.31.1
    Urban population (% of total population)7576.777.9c
    Urban population growth ratej (average annual %)1.71.9...
    Fertility rate, totalj (live births per woman)1.921.8
    Life expectancy at birthj (females/males, years)75.5 / 73.476.2 / 73.876.9 / 74.5
    Population age distribution (0-14/60+ years old, %)26.0 / 5.424.1 / 7.022.3 / 9.5
    International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.)100.6 / 25.9102.7 / 24.8110.6 / 25.5c
    Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)21k20.520.9c
    Infant mortality ratej (per 1 000 live births)9.38.87.9
    Health: Current expenditurel (% of GDP)2.32.42.4a
    Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)1.41.81.6a
    Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP)23.4m4.4i
    Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)106.3 / 106.8105.3 / 105.7103.6 / 102.7b
    Education: Secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)99.5 / 98.997.5 / 95.594.6 / 92.4b
    Education: Tertiary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)20.4 / 10.939.9 / 23.438.7 / 24.8b
    Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)0.30.5n...
    Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)......9.1o
    Environment and infrastructure indicators
    2010 2015 2020
    Individuals using the Interneth (per 100 inhabitants)5371.294.9a
    Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)......0.3p,q,b
    Threatened species (number)170189275
    Forested areah (% of land area)72.172.172.1a
    CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)6.9 / 17.66.0 / 14.36.7 / 15.6a
    Energy production, primary (Petajoules)775673652a
    Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)349273356a
    Tourist/visitor arrivals at national bordersr (000)214218278b
    Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)41.741.741.7c
Data provided by UNdata