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    General Information
    Region    South America
    Population (000, 2020)   212 559
    Pop. density (per km2, 2020)   25.4
    Capital city    Brasilia
    Capital city pop. (000, 2020)   4 559.0b,c
    UN membership date    24-Oct-45
    Surface area (km2)   8 515 767a
    Sex ratio (m per 100 f)   96.6
    National currency    Brazilian Real (BRL)
    Exchange rate (per US$)   4c
    Economic indicators
    2010 2015 2020
    GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)2 208 8381 802 2121 868 613d
    GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)7.5-3.51.1d
    GDP per capita (current US$)11 286.18 814.08 920.7d
    Economy: Agriculturee (% of Gross Value Added)4.855.1d
    Economy: Industrye,f (% of Gross Value Added)27.422.521.6d
    Economy: Services and other activitye,g,h (% of GVA)67.872.573.3d
    Employment in agriculture (% of employed)12.6i10.29.1i
    Employment in industry (% of employed)22.5i22.219.6i
    Employment in services (% employed)64.8i67.671.3i
    Unemploymenti (% of labour force)7.78.412
    Labour force participation ratei (female/male pop. %)53.5 / 76.553.3 / 75.354.0 / 73.9
    CPI: Consumer Price Indexj (2010=100)100138167c
    Agricultural production index (2004-2006=100)122139136k
    International trade: exportsl (million current US$)201 915191 127225 383c
    International trade: importsl (million current US$)181 768171 446177 348c
    International trade: balancel (million current US$)20 14719 68148 036c
    Balance of payments, current account (million US$)- 79 014- 54 472- 49 452c
    Social indicators
    2010 2015 2020
    Population growth ratem (average annual %)10.90.8
    Urban population (% of total population)84.385.886.8c
    Urban population growth ratem (average annual %)1.41.2...
    Fertility rate, totalm (live births per woman)1.91.81.7
    Life expectancy at birthm (females/males, years)76.6 / 69.178.0 / 70.779.3 / 71.9
    Population age distribution (0-14/60+ years old, %)24.8 / 10.222.4 / 12.020.7 / 14.0
    International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.)592.6 / 0.3716.6 / 0.4807.0 / 0.4c
    Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)5.2n66271.6c
    Infant mortality ratem (per 1 000 live births)20.315.813
    Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP)7.98.99.5a
    Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)1.81.9o2.2d
    Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP)5.66.2...
    Education: Primary gross enrol. ratioi (f/m per 100 pop.)128.2 / 133.9p110.4 / 115.1113.4 / 117.4a
    Education: Secondary gross enrol. ratioi (f/m per 100 pop.)102.1 / 91.5p102.9 / 97.4102.4 / 99.3a
    Education: Tertiary gross enrol. ratioi (f/m per 100 pop.)42.2 / 31.9p58.5 / 43.759.4 / 43.5a
    Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)22.128.627.4d
    Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)8.8914.6q
    Environment and infrastructure indicators
    2010 2015 2020
    Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants)40.6r,s58.370.4d
    Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)1.21.31.3a
    Threatened species (number)7739661 078
    Forested areai (% of land area)59.65959a
    CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)372.0 / 1.9453.6 / 2.2427.6 / 2.0a
    Energy production, primary (Petajoules)10 12711 96913 066a
    Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)566262a
    Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borderst (000)5 1616 3066 621d
    Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)4242.542.8c
    Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %)91.8 / ...92.2 / ...92.3 / ...a
    Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural %)36.5 / ...47.0 / ...51.6 / ...a
    Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI)0.020.060.02d
Data provided by UNdata