Skip to main content

    General Information
    Region    Northern America
    Population (000, 2020)   37 742
    Pop. density (per km2, 2020)   4.2
    Capital city    Ottawa
    Capital city pop. (000, 2020)   1 378.2b,c
    UN membership date    09-Nov-45
    Surface area (km2)   9 984 670a
    Sex ratio (m per 100 f)   98.5
    National currency    Canadian Dollar (CAD)
    Exchange rate (per US$)   1.3c
    Economic indicators
    2010 2015 2020
    GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)1 617 2661 556 1271 712 562d
    GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)3.10.71.9d
    GDP per capita (current US$)47 361.143 193.746 192.4d
    Economy: Agriculturee (% of Gross Value Added)1.622d
    Economy: Industrye,f (% of Gross Value Added)27.925.825.6d
    Economy: Services and other activitye,g,h (% of GVA)70.572.172.4d
    Employment in agriculture (% of employed)1.81.61.4i
    Employment in industry (% of employed)20.219.919.4i
    Employment in services (% employed)7878.479.2i
    Unemploymenti (% of labour force)8.16.95.4
    Labour force participation ratei (female/male pop. %)61.9 / 71.560.8 / 70.560.7 / 69.2
    CPI: Consumer Price Indexj (2010=100)100109117c
    Agricultural production index (2004-2006=100)103110113k
    International trade: exportsl (million current US$)386 580408 697446 148c
    International trade: importsl (million current US$)392 109419 375453 234c
    International trade: balancel (million current US$)- 5 529- 10 677- 7 085c
    Balance of payments, current account (million US$)- 58 163- 54 696- 34 193c
    Social indicators
    2010 2015 2020
    Population growth ratem (average annual %)1.21.10.9
    Urban population (% of total population)80.981.381.5c
    Urban population growth ratem (average annual %)1.31.1...
    Fertility rate, totalm (live births per woman)1.61.61.5
    Life expectancy at birthm (females/males, years)83.0 / 78.483.8 / 79.684.2 / 80.2
    Population age distribution (0-14/60+ years old, %)16.5 / 19.916.0 / 22.315.8 / 24.9
    International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.)6 761.2 / 19.87 428.7 / 20.67 960.7 / 21.3c
    Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)216.6n155.8n189.8c
    Infant mortality ratem (per 1 000 live births)5.14.64.5
    Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP)10.710.510.6a
    Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP)5.45.3o...
    Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)98.9 / 98.4102.9 / 102.1100.8 / 101.1a
    Education: Secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)101.2 / 103.6110.9 / 109.9114.5 / 113.0a
    Education: Tertiary gross enrol. ratioi (f/m per 100 pop.)71.8 / 52.074.5 / 55.579.3 / 59.1a
    Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)1.61.71.8d
    Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)22.125.229p
    Environment and infrastructure indicators
    2010 2015 2020
    Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants)80.3q90r91r,a
    Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)1.81.71.6s,d
    Threatened species (number)7797173
    Forested area (% of land area)38.738.738.7i,a
    CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)528.6 / 15.5557.7 / 15.6547.8 / 15.0a
    Energy production, primary (Petajoules)16 66219 75421 327a
    Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)318327330a
    Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000)16 21917 97121 134d
    Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)2626.628.1c
    Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural %)82.0 / 81.582.3 / 81.682.2 / 81.4a
    Net Official Development Assist. disbursedt (% of GNI)0.340.280.26a
Data provided by UNdata