Skip to main content

    General Information
    Region    Eastern Asia
    Population (000, 2020)   1 439 324a
    Pop. density (per km2, 2020)   153.3a
    Capital city    Beijing
    Capital city pop. (000, 2020)   20 035.5c,d
    UN membership date    24-Oct-45
    Surface area (km2)   9 600 000b
    Sex ratio (m per 100 f)   105.3a
    National currency    Yuan Renminbi (CNY)
    Exchange rate (per US$)   7a,d
    Economic indicators
    2010 2015 2020
    GDP: Gross domestic producta (million current US$)6 087 19211 015 56213 608 152e
    GDP growth ratea (annual %, const. 2015 prices)10.46.96.6e
    GDP per capitaa (current US$)4 447.17 830.09 531.9e
    Economy: Agriculturea,f (% of Gross Value Added)9.68.77.5e
    Economy: Industrya,f (% of Gross Value Added)46.741.340.8e
    Economy: Services and other activitya,f,g (% of GVA)43.75051.7e
    Employment in agriculturea,h (% of employed)36.728.624.7
    Employment in industrya,h (% of employed)28.729.228.2
    Employment in servicesa,h (% employed)34.642.247.1
    Unemploymenta,h (% of labour force)4.54.64.4
    Labour force participation ratea,h (female/male pop. %)64.0 / 78.362.5 / 76.959.8 / 74.8
    CPI: Consumer Price Index (2010=100)100115109i,d
    Agricultural production indexa (2004-2006=100)120136139j
    International trade: exportsa (million current US$)1 577 7602 273 4702 491 820h,d
    International trade: importsa (million current US$)1 396 0001 679 5602 070 150h,d
    International trade: balancea (million current US$)181 762593 904421 672h,d
    Balance of payments, current accounta (million US$)237 810304 164141 335d
    Social indicators
    2010 2015 2020
    Population growth ratea,k (average annual %)0.60.50.5
    Urban populationa (% of total population)49.255.560.3d
    Urban population growth ratea,k (average annual %)3.52.9...
    Fertility rate, totala,k (live births per woman)1.61.61.7
    Life expectancy at birtha,k (females/males, years)75.7 / 71.977.4 / 73.179.0 / 74.5
    Population age distributiona (0-14/60+ years old, %)18.7 / 12.218.1 / 15.017.7 / 17.4
    International migrant stocka,l (000/% of total pop.)849.9 / 0.1978.0 / 0.11 030.9 / 0.1d
    Refugees and others of concern to UNHCRa (000)301.1m301.6322.4n,d
    Infant mortality ratea,k (per 1 000 live births)18.112.39.9
    Health: Current expenditureo (% of GDP)4.24.95.2b
    Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)1.51.82b
    Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)98.0 / 99.896.4 / 96.2100.8 / 99.7e
    Education: Secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)88.0 / 88.3... / ...... / ...
    Education: Tertiary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)25.0 / 23.550.2 / 42.355.9 / 45.9e
    Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)10.70.5e
    Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)21.323.624.9p
    Environment and infrastructure indicators
    2010 2015 2020
    Individuals using the Interneta (per 100 inhabitants)34.350.3h,q,r,s54.3b
    Research & Development expenditurea (% of GDP)1.72.12.2e
    Threatened speciesa (number)8591 0401 172
    Forested area (% of land area)21.322.122.1b
    CO2 emission estimatesa (million tons/tons per capita)7 832.7 / 5.99 101.4 / 6.69 257.9 / 6.7b
    Energy production, primarya (Petajoules)88 642100 86499 218b
    Energy supply per capitaa (Gigajoules)758688b
    Tourist/visitor arrivals at national bordersa (000)55 66456 88662 900e
    Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)8.69.49.9d
    Pop. using safely managed drinking watera (urban/rural, %)92.7 / ...92.4 / ...92.3 / ...b
    Pop. using safely managed sanitationa (urban/rural %)58.3 / 37.176.3 / 49.983.7 / 56.1b
    Net Official Development Assist. receiveda (% of GNI)0.010-0.01e
Data provided by UNdata