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Official name:
State of Eritrea
Region:

    General Information
    Region    Eastern Africa
    Population (000, 2020)   3 546
    Pop. density (per km2, 2020)   35.1
    Capital city    Asmara
    Capital city pop. (000, 2020)   928.8b
    UN membership date    28-May-93
    Surface area (km2)   117 600a
    Sex ratio (m per 100 f)   100.5
    National currency    Nakfa (ERN)
    Exchange rate (per US$)   15.1b
    Economic indicators
    2010 2015 2020
    GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)2 1174 4426 855c
    GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)2.22.64.2c
    GDP per capita (current US$)667.71 328.91 985.4c
    Economy: Agriculture (% of Gross Value Added)19.117.217.3c
    Economy: Industry (% of Gross Value Added)23.123.523.5c
    Economy: Services and other activity (% of GVA)54.455.655c
    Employment in agricultured (% of employed)64.763.160.8
    Employment in industryd (% of employed)9.18.58.5
    Employment in servicesd (% employed)26.328.430.7
    Unemploymentd (% of labour force)5.45.35.2
    Labour force participation rated (female/male pop. %)71.4 / 83.071.6 / 86.171.4 / 85.3
    Agricultural production index (2004-2006=100)102103104e
    International trade: exportsd (million current US$)131518b
    International trade: importsd (million current US$)1 1872 8015 677b
    International trade: balanced (million current US$)- 1 175- 2 786- 5 659b
    Social indicators
    2010 2015 2020
    Population growth ratef (average annual %)2.31.11.2
    Urban population (% of total population)35.238.240.7b
    Urban population growth ratef (average annual %)4.53.6...
    Fertility rate, totalf (live births per woman)4.84.44.1
    Life expectancy at birthf (females/males, years)62.7 / 58.765.6 / 61.468.0 / 63.6
    Population age distribution (0-14/60+ years old, %)39.5 / 6.242.3 / 6.541.1 / 6.4
    International migrant stockd (000/% of total pop.)15.7 / 0.515.9 / 0.516.1 / 0.5b
    Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)5g30.9b
    Infant mortality ratef (per 1 000 live births)51.64534.7
    Health: Current expenditured (% of GDP)3.52.92.9a
    Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)......0.1e
    Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP)2.1h......
    Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)76.9 / 90.270.4 / 81.763.1 / 73.6c
    Education: Secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)45.1 / 58.847.5 / 56.045.4 / 49.9c
    Education: Tertiary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)1.8 / 4.72.7 / 4.22.8 / 3.9e
    Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)222222b
    Environment and infrastructure indicators
    2010 2015 2020
    Individuals using the Internetd (per 100 inhabitants)0.61.11.3a
    Threatened species (number)97113143
    Forested aread (% of land area)15.21515a
    CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)0.5 / 0.10.6 / 0.10.6 / 0.1a
    Energy production, primary (Petajoules)242728a
    Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)101011a
    Tourist/visitor arrivals at national bordersi (000)84114142e
    Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)13.313.313.3b
    Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI)7.745.16j...
Data provided by UNdata