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    General Information
    Region    Western Asia
    Population (000, 2020)   40 222
    Pop. density (per km2, 2020)   92.6
    Capital city    Baghdad
    Capital city pop. (000, 2020)   6 974.4b
    UN membership date    21-Dec-45
    Surface area (km2)   435 052a
    Sex ratio (m per 100 f)   102.5
    National currency    Iraqi Dinar (IQD)
    Exchange rate (per US$)   1 182.0b
    Economic indicators
    2010 2015 2020
    GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)138 517166 774212 272c
    GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)6.44.7-1c
    GDP per capita (current US$)4 657.34 688.35 523.1c
    Economy: Agriculture (% of Gross Value Added)5.14.21.9c
    Economy: Industry (% of Gross Value Added)55.44555.3c
    Economy: Services and other activity (% of GVA)51.551.248.4c
    Employment in agricultured (% of employed)21.919.417.8
    Employment in industryd (% of employed)21.722.822.4
    Employment in servicesd (% employed)56.457.959.9
    Unemploymentd (% of labour force)8.410.712.8
    Labour force participation rated (female/male pop. %)12.0 / 72.314.1 / 73.811.8 / 74.3
    CPI: Consumer Price Index (2010=100)100119120c
    Agricultural production index (2004-2006=100)1037375e
    International trade: exports (million current US$)52 48349 4034 658d,b
    International trade: imports (million current US$)43 91532 66531 372d,b
    International trade: balance (million current US$)8 56816 738- 26 714d,b
    Balance of payments, current account (million US$)6 488- 2 76215 675b
    Social indicators
    2010 2015 2020
    Population growth rateg (average annual %)23.62.5
    Urban population (% of total population)69.169.970.7b
    Urban population growth rateg (average annual %)2.73.4...
    Fertility rate, totalg (live births per woman)4.44.23.7
    Life expectancy at birthg (females/males, years)71.3 / 64.971.6 / 67.272.4 / 68.3
    Population age distribution (0-14/60+ years old, %)41.8 / 4.839.3 / 5.137.7 / 5.1
    International migrant stockh,i (000/% of total pop.)117.4 / 0.4359.4 / 1.0368.1 / 0.9b
    Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)1 796.3j4 311.72 132.4k,b
    Infant mortality rateg (per 1 000 live births)31.728.524.1
    Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP)3.23.14.2a
    Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)0.71l0.7c
    Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)99.1 / 117.8m... / ...... / ...
    Education: Secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)46.0 / 61.4m... / ...... / ...
    Education: Tertiary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)12.0 / 20.1d,n... / ...... / ...
    Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)910.1o...
    Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)25.526.526.4p
    Environment and infrastructure indicators
    2010 2015 2020
    Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants)2.558q,r75c
    Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)~0.0s,t,u~0.0~0.0c
    Threatened species (number)606980
    Forested aread (% of land area)1.91.91.9a
    CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)103.6 / 3.4130.8 / 3.6139.9 / 3.7a
    Energy production, primary (Petajoules)5 2747 5659 881a
    Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)475566a
    Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000)1 518892o...
    Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)35.75.8b
    Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %)62.6 / 38.563.7 / 44.264.1 / 46.5a
    Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural %)35.1 / 39.238.2 / 43.339.4 / 45.0a
    Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI)1.550.841.03c
Data provided by UNdata