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    General Information
    Region    Southern Asia
    Population (000, 2020)   83 993
    Pop. density (per km2, 2020)   51.6
    Capital city    Tehran
    Capital city pop. (000, 2020)   9 013.7c
    UN membership date    24-Oct-45
    Surface area (km2)   1 628 750a,b
    Sex ratio (m per 100 f)   102
    National currency    Iranian Rial (IRR)
    Exchange rate (per US$)   42 000.0c
    Economic indicators
    2010 2015 2020
    GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)491 099393 436473 091d
    GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)5.8-1.3-4.8d
    GDP per capita (current US$)6 657.85 012.45 783.5d
    Economy: Agriculture (% of Gross Value Added)6.410.610d
    Economy: Industry (% of Gross Value Added)43.433.234.3d
    Economy: Services and other activity (% of GVA)42.253.750.5d
    Employment in agriculture (% of employed)19.21817.8e
    Employment in industry (% of employed)32.232.530.3e
    Employment in services (% employed)48.649.451.9e
    Unemploymente (% of labour force)13.511.111.2
    Labour force participation ratee (female/male pop. %)15.7 / 69.914.8 / 69.717.3 / 71.1
    CPI: Consumer Price Indexf (2010=100)...92175c
    Agricultural production index (2004-2006=100)102110110g
    International trade: exportsh,i (million current US$)83 78564 084e17 394e,c
    International trade: importsh,i (million current US$)54 69741 453e20 502e,c
    International trade: balanceh,i (million current US$)29 08822 631e- 3 108e,c
    Social indicators
    2010 2015 2020
    Population growth ratej (average annual %)1.11.21.4
    Urban population (% of total population)70.673.475.4c
    Urban population growth ratej (average annual %)22...
    Fertility rate, totalj (live births per woman)1.81.92.2
    Life expectancy at birthj (females/males, years)74.6 / 71.076.2 / 74.077.6 / 75.3
    Population age distribution (0-14/60+ years old, %)24.0 / 7.523.9 / 8.924.7 / 10.3
    International migrant stockk (000/% of total pop.)2 761.6 / 3.72 726.4 / 3.52 682.2 / 3.2c
    Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)1 085.3l979.5979.5c
    Infant mortality ratej (per 1 000 live births)19.115.212.8
    Health: Current expenditurem (% of GDP)6.87.88.7b
    Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)0.5n1.21.6d
    Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP)3.72.84d
    Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)99.6 / 101.7112.3 / 105.7113.9 / 107.7b
    Education: Secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)78.0 / 83.283.0 / 88.784.7 / 87.9b
    Education: Tertiary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)44.1 / 44.263.8 / 70.9o62.9 / 73.3b
    Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)3p2.5o...
    Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)2.83.15.9q
    Environment and infrastructure indicators
    2010 2015 2020
    Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants)15.9r45.3e70d
    Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)0.3s,t0.40.8u,b
    Threatened species (number)102121161
    Forested area (% of land area)6.66.66.6e,b
    CO2 emission estimatesv (million tons/tons per capita)498.6 / 6.7553.3 / 7.0567.1 / 7.0b
    Energy production, primary (Petajoules)14 28313 63717 740b
    Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)115126135b
    Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000)2 9385 2377 295d
    Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)43.643.643.6c
    Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %)95.1 / 82.994.9 / 82.794.9 / 82.7b
    Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI)0.020.030.03b
Data provided by UNdata