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    General Information
    Region    Eastern Asia
    Population (000, 2020)   126 476
    Pop. density (per km2, 2020)   346.9
    Capital city    Tokyo
    Capital city pop. (000, 2020)   37 435.2c,d
    UN membership date    18-Dec-56
    Surface area (km2)   377 930a,b
    Sex ratio (m per 100 f)   95.4
    National currency    Yen (JPY)
    Exchange rate (per US$)   109.1d
    Economic indicators
    2010 2015 2020
    GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)5 700 0984 389 4764 971 323e
    GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)4.21.20.8e
    GDP per capita (current US$)44 344.134 296.839 082.1e
    Economy: Agriculturef,g (% of Gross Value Added)1.11.11.1e
    Economy: Industryf,g,h (% of Gross Value Added)28.529.228.5e
    Economy: Services and other activityf,g,i,j (% of GVA)63.762.462.8e
    Employment in agriculture (% of employed)4.13.63.4k
    Employment in industry (% of employed)25.62524.1k
    Employment in services (% employed)70.471.472.6k
    Unemploymentk (% of labour force)5.13.42.3
    Labour force participation ratek (female/male pop. %)48.7 / 72.149.8 / 70.852.7 / 71.0
    CPI: Consumer Price Indexl (2010=100)100104105d
    Agricultural production index (2004-2006=100)979692m
    International trade: exports (million current US$)769 774624 874705 640d
    International trade: imports (million current US$)694 059625 568720 895d
    International trade: balance (million current US$)75 715-695- 15 255d
    Balance of payments, current account (million US$)220 888136 472184 540d
    Social indicators
    2010 2015 2020
    Population growth raten (average annual %)~0.0-0.1-0.2
    Urban population (% of total population)90.891.491.7d
    Urban population growth raten (average annual %)1.1~0.0...
    Fertility rate, totaln (live births per woman)1.31.41.4
    Life expectancy at birthn (females/males, years)86.0 / 79.286.5 / 80.087.5 / 81.3
    Population age distribution (0-14/60+ years old, %)13.4 / 30.313.0 / 32.812.4 / 34.3
    International migrant stocko (000/% of total pop.)2 134.2 / 1.72 232.2 / 1.72 498.9 / 2.0d
    Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)7p13.8k31.5k,d
    Infant mortality raten (per 1 000 live births)2.62.21.8
    Health: Current expenditurek (% of GDP)9.210.910.9q
    Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)2.22.3r2.4m
    Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP)3.63.6r...
    Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)0.40.30.3e
    Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)11.29.59.9s
    Environment and infrastructure indicators
    2010 2015 2020
    Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants)78.2t91.191.3e
    Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)3.13.33.3u,e
    Threatened species (number)330364470
    Forested areak (% of land area)68.568.568.5q
    CO2 emission estimatesv (million tons/tons per capita)1 127.2 / 8.81 155.7 / 9.11 132.4 / 8.9q
    Energy production, primaryv (Petajoules)4 2281 3451 727q
    Energy supply per capitav (Gigajoules)163141142q
    Tourist/visitor arrivals at national bordersw (000)8 61119 73731 192e
    Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)60.964.864.8d
    Net Official Development Assist. disbursedx (% of GNI)0.20.20.23q
Data provided by UNdata