Skip to main content
Official name:
Republic of Kazakhstan
Region:

    General Information
    Region    Central Asia
    Population (000, 2020)   18 777
    Pop. density (per km2, 2020)   7
    Capital city    Nur-Sultan
    Capital city pop. (000, 2020)   1 117.6b
    UN membership date    02-Mar-92
    Surface area (km2)   2 724 902a
    Sex ratio (m per 100 f)   94.3
    National currency    Tenge (KZT)
    Exchange rate (per US$)   382.6b
    Economic indicators
    2010 2015 2020
    GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)148 047184 388179 340c
    GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)7.31.24.1c
    GDP per capita (current US$)9 109.310 493.39 789.5c
    Economy: Agricultured (% of Gross Value Added)4.754.7c
    Economy: Industryd,e (% of Gross Value Added)41.932.535.9c
    Economy: Services and other activityd,f,g (% of GVA)47.550.648.2c
    Employment in agriculture (% of employed)28.31815.4h
    Employment in industry (% of employed)18.720.620.5h
    Employment in services (% employed)5361.464.1h
    Unemploymenth (% of labour force)5.84.94.6
    Labour force participation rateh (female/male pop. %)65.4 / 75.965.4 / 77.062.2 / 75.1
    CPI: Consumer Price Index (2010=100)100138169a
    Agricultural production index (2004-2006=100)106131139i
    International trade: exports (million current US$)57 24445 95457 723b
    International trade: imports (million current US$)24 02430 56738 357b
    International trade: balance (million current US$)33 22015 38719 366b
    Balance of payments, current account (million US$)1 386- 6 012- 6 498b
    Social indicators
    2010 2015 2020
    Population growth ratej (average annual %)1.11.61.3
    Urban population (% of total population)56.857.257.5b
    Urban population growth ratej (average annual %)1.21.7...
    Fertility rate, totalj (live births per woman)2.52.72.8
    Life expectancy at birthj (females/males, years)71.9 / 60.673.9 / 64.377.4 / 68.8
    Population age distribution (0-14/60+ years old, %)24.1 / 9.926.7 / 10.729.1 / 12.2
    International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.)3 334.9 / 20.53 546.1 / 20.23 705.6 / 20.0b
    Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)12.7k7.88.9b
    Infant mortality ratej (per 1 000 live births)23.914.17.7
    Health: Current expenditurel (% of GDP)2.733.1a
    Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)3.94m...
    Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP)3.1n2.82.8a
    Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)109.1 / 108.5111.7 / 111.5105.3 / 103.5b
    Education: Secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)98.8 / 98.2112.2 / 108.5113.8 / 112.7b
    Education: Tertiary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)51.7 / 40.752.1 / 40.868.4 / 55.4b
    Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)8.54.95.1a
    Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)17.826.227.1o
    Environment and infrastructure indicators
    2010 2015 2020
    Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants)31.6p70.8q78.9c
    Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)0.20.20.1c
    Threatened species (number)737881
    Forested areah (% of land area)1.21.21.2a
    CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)221.1 / 13.5245.8 / 14.0255.8 / 14.2a
    Energy production, primary (Petajoules)6 7706 6297 359a
    Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)205169183a
    Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000)2 9914 560m...
    Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)10.410.411.1b
    Pop. using safely managed sanitation (urban/rural %)91.6 / ...90.9 / ...90.5 / ...a
    Net Official Development Assist. disbursed (% of GNI)...0.020.02a
    Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI)0.170.050.05c
Data provided by UNdata