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    General Information
    Region    Southern Asia
    Population (000, 2020)   29 137
    Pop. density (per km2, 2020)   203.3
    Capital city    Kathmandu
    Capital city pop. (000, 2020)   1 376.1b,c
    UN membership date    14-Dec-55
    Surface area (km2)   147 181a
    Sex ratio (m per 100 f)   84.5
    National currency    Nepalese Rupee (NPR)
    Exchange rate (per US$)   113.3c
    Economic indicators
    2010 2015 2020
    GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)16 28120 80127 830d
    GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)4.83.36.7d
    GDP per capita (current US$)602.7770990.6d
    Economy: Agriculture (% of Gross Value Added)35.431.728.1d
    Economy: Industry (% of Gross Value Added)15.114.814.9d
    Economy: Services and other activity (% of GVA)48.553.459.4d
    Employment in agriculturee (% of employed)70.267.364.5
    Employment in industrye (% of employed)13.314.315.3
    Employment in servicese (% employed)16.518.520.2
    Unemploymente (% of labour force)1.51.51.5
    Labour force participation ratee (female/male pop. %)79.5 / 87.481.5 / 85.382.9 / 85.2
    CPI: Consumer Price Indexf (2010=100)...104128c
    Agricultural production index (2004-2006=100)114138140g
    International trade: exportsh (million current US$)874660588e,c
    International trade: importsh (million current US$)5 1166 6124 737e,c
    International trade: balanceh (million current US$)- 4 242- 5 952- 4 149e,c
    Balance of payments, current account (million US$)-1282 447- 2 775d
    Social indicators
    2010 2015 2020
    Population growth ratej (average annual %)1~0.01.5
    Urban population (% of total population)16.818.620.2c
    Urban population growth ratej (average annual %)3.13.2...
    Fertility rate, totalj (live births per woman)2.82.31.9
    Life expectancy at birthj (females/males, years)67.8 / 65.270.0 / 67.371.7 / 68.8
    Population age distribution (0-14/60+ years old, %)36.3 / 7.533.4 / 8.328.8 / 8.7
    International migrant stockk (000/% of total pop.)578.7 / 2.1509.5 / 1.9490.8 / 1.7c
    Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)891.3l36.819.3m,c
    Infant mortality ratej (per 1 000 live births)42.633.827.9
    Health: Current expendituren (% of GDP)56.25.6a
    Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)...0.6o0.7d
    Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP)3.63.75.2d
    Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)149.9 / 139.3148.6 / 139.9143.5 / 140.8c
    Education: Secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)56.9 / 58.3e69.4 / 66.3e83.0 / 77.4c
    Education: Tertiary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)11.3 / 17.614.5 / 15.512.8 / 12.0d
    Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)32.1p2.3g
    Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)33.229.532.7q
    Environment and infrastructure indicators
    2010 2015 2020
    Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants)7.9l17.6e34a
    Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)0.3r,s......
    Threatened species (number)93105109
    Forested area (% of land area)25.425.425.4e,a
    CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)4.1 / 0.25.7 / 0.210.1 / 0.3a
    Energy production, primary (Petajoules)384424438a
    Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)161719a
    Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borderst (000)6035391 173d
    Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)50.750.750.7c
    Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %)34.5 / 24.234.2 / 25.234.1 / 25.6a
    Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI)4.765.635d
Data provided by UNdata