Skip to main content
Official name:
Kingdom of Eswatini
Region:

    General Information
    Region    Southern Africa
    Population (000, 2020)   1 160
    Pop. density (per km2, 2020)   67.5
    Capital city    Mbabaneb
    Capital city pop. (000, 2020)   68b,c
    UN membership date    24-Sep-68
    Surface area (km2)   17 363a
    Sex ratio (m per 100 f)   96.7
    National currency    Lilangeni (SZL)
    Exchange rate (per US$)   14.1d
    Economic indicators
    2010 2015 2020
    GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)4 4394 0734 711c
    GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)3.82.32.4c
    GDP per capita (current US$)4 168.53 689.54 145.7c
    Economy: Agriculturee (% of Gross Value Added)10.49.89c
    Economy: Industrye,f (% of Gross Value Added)38.737.434.6c
    Economy: Services and other activitye,g,h (% of GVA)53.257.355.8c
    Employment in agriculturei (% of employed)15.213.512.3
    Employment in industryi (% of employed)25.324.623.5
    Employment in servicesi (% employed)59.561.864.2
    Unemploymenti (% of labour force)26.923.522
    Labour force participation ratei (female/male pop. %)45.5 / 57.447.0 / 56.448.6 / 56.9
    CPI: Consumer Price Index (2010=100)100135163c
    Agricultural production index (2004-2006=100)106114113j
    International trade: exports (million current US$)1 557i1 8202 002d
    International trade: imports (million current US$)1 710i1 5081 832d
    International trade: balance (million current US$)-153i312169d
    Balance of payments, current account (million US$)-388533196d
    Social indicators
    2010 2015 2020
    Population growth ratek (average annual %)0.70.71
    Urban population (% of total population)22.523.324d
    Urban population growth ratek (average annual %)2.12.6...
    Fertility rate, totalk (live births per woman)3.63.13
    Life expectancy at birthk (females/males, years)46.0 / 42.054.0 / 47.863.9 / 55.2
    Population age distribution (0-14/60+ years old, %)40.2 / 5.639.1 / 5.737.4 / 5.7
    International migrant stockl (000/% of total pop.)32.6 / 3.132.4 / 2.932.3 / 2.8d
    Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)0.8m0.91.8d
    Infant mortality ratek (per 1 000 live births)74.251.641.4
    Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP)8.67.16.9a
    Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)0.2n0.1o0.3j
    Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP)6.17.1p...
    Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)118.8 / 131.0113.5 / 124.9110.3 / 119.9a
    Education: Secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)63.7 / 67.376.0 / 76.082.2 / 82.6j
    Education: Tertiary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)4.6 / 5.3q6.6 / 7.0r... / ...
    Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)19.510.111.6a
    Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)13.66.29.6s
    Environment and infrastructure indicators
    2010 2015 2020
    Individuals using the Internet (per 100 inhabitants)1125.6i47t,u,a
    Research & Development expenditure (% of GDP)...0.3...
    Threatened species (number)293441
    Forested areai (% of land area)32.734.134.1a
    Energy production, primary (Petajoules)333637i,a
    Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)414339i,a
    Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000)868873782c
    Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)3030.630.6d
    Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %)83.0 / ...88.2 / ...88.7 / ...a
    Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI)2.162.282.57c
Data provided by UNdata