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Official name:
Turkmenistan
Region:

    General Information
    Region    Central Asia
    Population (000, 2020)   6 031
    Pop. density (per km2, 2020)   12.8
    Capital city    Ashgabat
    Capital city pop. (000, 2020)   828.1c
    UN membership date    02-Mar-92
    Surface area (km2)   488 100a
    Sex ratio (m per 100 f)   97
    National currency    Turkmen. Manat (TMT)b
    Exchange rate (per US$)   3.5d,c
    Economic indicators
    2010 2015 2020
    GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)22 58336 05240 749e
    GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)9.26.56.2e
    GDP per capita (current US$)4 439.26 477.96 964.6e
    Economy: Agriculture (% of Gross Value Added)11.59.49.1e
    Economy: Industry (% of Gross Value Added)6057.859.8e
    Economy: Services and other activity (% of GVA)65.17673.5e
    Employment in agriculturef (% of employed)24.821.919.5
    Employment in industryf (% of employed)39.241.242.6
    Employment in servicesf (% employed)3636.937.9
    Unemploymentf (% of labour force)444.1
    Labour force participation ratef (female/male pop. %)51.1 / 76.251.7 / 78.251.2 / 78.2
    Agricultural production index (2004-2006=100)98100102g
    International trade: exportsf (million current US$)3 3353 6703 962c
    International trade: importsf (million current US$)2 4002 5962 764c
    International trade: balancef (million current US$)9351 0741 198c
    Social indicators
    2010 2015 2020
    Population growth rateh (average annual %)1.41.81.6
    Urban population (% of total population)48.550.352c
    Urban population growth rateh (average annual %)22.5...
    Fertility rate, totalh (live births per woman)2.632.8
    Life expectancy at birthh (females/males, years)69.6 / 62.270.8 / 63.971.5 / 64.5
    Population age distribution (0-14/60+ years old, %)29.5 / 6.130.4 / 6.830.8 / 8.1
    International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.)198.0 / 3.9196.4 / 3.5195.1 / 3.3c
    Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)20.1i7.25.2c
    Infant mortality rateh (per 1 000 live births)54.146.943.3
    Health: Current expenditure (% of GDP)56.36.9a
    Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)2.32.2j...
    Education: Government expenditure (% of GDP)...3k...
    Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)... / ...87.5 / 89.2j... / ...
    Education: Secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)... / ...84.0 / 87.6j... / ...
    Education: Tertiary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)... / ...6.2 / 9.7j... / ...
    Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)4.2l......
    Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)16.825.825m
    Environment and infrastructure indicators
    2010 2015 2020
    Individuals using the Internetf (per 100 inhabitants)31521.3a
    Threatened species (number)454959
    Forested areaf (% of land area)8.88.88.8a
    CO2 emission estimates (million tons/tons per capita)56.9 / 11.269.1 / 12.469.0 / 12.0a
    Energy production, primary (Petajoules)1 9823 4073 223a
    Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)187208201a
    Tourist/visitor arrivals at national borders (000)8n......
    Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)141414c
    Pop. using safely managed drinking water (urban/rural, %)92.2 / 73.596.7 / 86.796.9 / 90.7a
    Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI)0.210.070.05e
Data provided by UNdata