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    General Information
    Region    Polynesia
    Population (000, 2020)   106
    Pop. density (per km2, 2020)   146.8
    Capital city    Nuku'alofa
    Capital city pop. (000, 2020)   22.9b
    UN membership date    14-Sep-99
    Surface area (km2)   747a
    Sex ratio (m per 100 f)   100.2
    National currency    Pa'anga (TOP)
    Exchange rate (per US$)   2.3c
    Economic indicators
    2010 2015 2020
    GDP: Gross domestic product (million current US$)374400504b
    GDP growth rate (annual %, const. 2015 prices)3.6-2.9-0.4b
    GDP per capita (current US$)3 595.43 973.34 885.8b
    Economy: Agriculture (% of Gross Value Added)18.222.622b
    Economy: Industry (% of Gross Value Added)19.920.921b
    Economy: Services and other activity (% of GVA)65.662.657.8b
    Employment in agricultured (% of employed)27.926.323.7
    Employment in industryd (% of employed)29.728.929.2
    Employment in servicesd (% employed)42.344.847.1
    Unemploymentd (% of labour force)1.21.11.2
    Labour force participation rated (female/male pop. %)45.4 / 75.245.8 / 74.845.8 / 74.3
    CPI: Consumer Price Indexd (2010=100)100110113e
    Agricultural production index (2004-2006=100)135139137e
    International trade: exports (million current US$)815d15d,c
    International trade: imports (million current US$)159208d311d,c
    International trade: balance (million current US$)-151-193d-296d,c
    Balance of payments, current account (million US$)-87-44-8c
    Social indicators
    2010 2015 2020
    Population growth ratef (average annual %)0.6-0.61
    Urban population (% of total population)23.423.323.1c
    Urban population growth ratef (average annual %)0.80.3...
    Fertility rate, totalf (live births per woman)43.83.6
    Life expectancy at birthf (females/males, years)71.8 / 67.972.2 / 68.472.7 / 68.8
    Population age distribution (0-14/60+ years old, %)37.4 / 7.936.4 / 8.734.8 / 8.7
    International migrant stock (000/% of total pop.)4.6 / 4.44.0 / 3.93.8 / 3.6c
    Refugees and others of concern to UNHCR (000)~0.0g...~0.0c
    Infant mortality ratef (per 1 000 live births)14.414.712.5
    Health: Current expenditureh (% of GDP)4.74.75.3a
    Health: Physicians (per 1 000 pop.)0.60.5i...
    Education: Primary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)107.3 / 109.4116.0 / 116.7... / ...
    Education: Secondary gross enrol. ratio (f/m per 100 pop.)107.2 / 100.4102.4 / 99.4... / ...
    Intentional homicide rate (per 100 000 pop.)11j...
    Seats held by women in national parliaments (%)3.107.4k
    Environment and infrastructure indicators
    2010 2015 2020
    Individuals using the Internetd (per 100 inhabitants)1638.741.2a
    Threatened species (number)587490
    Forested area (% of land area)12.512.512.5d,a
    Energy production, primary (Petajoules)000a
    Energy supply per capita (Gigajoules)161620a
    Tourist/visitor arrivals at national bordersl (000)475454b
    Important sites for terrestrial biodiversity protected (%)26.126.126.1c
    Net Official Development Assist. received (% of GNI)17.4115.5419.15b
Data provided by UNdata